作者：张 敏 审核：孙国罡
儿科学Pediatrics
儿童保健Child care
疾病防治Disease prevention
营养基础Basal nutrition
婴儿喂养Infants’feeding
营养不良Malnutrition
小儿肥胖Obesity in childhood
解剖Anatomy
生理生化Physiology and biochemistry
营养代谢Nutrition and Metabolism
免疫Immunity
病理Pathology
疾病的种类Variety of Disease
临床表现Clinical Situation
诊断Diagnosis
治疗Treatment
预后Prognosis
预防Prevention
胎儿期Fetal Stage
胚胎期Embryo Stage
新生儿期Neonatal Period
足月儿Term Infant
早产儿Premature
过期产儿Post term Infant
围产期Perinatal stage
婴儿期Infancy
幼儿期Toddler Period
学龄期School age
青春期Adolescence
遗传inheritance
性别sex
内分泌endocrine
营养nutrition。
生活环境living environment
急性感染acute infection
慢性疾病chronic disease
消化道疾病disease of digestive tract
内分泌疾病endocrine disease
先天性疾病congenital disease
体格生长Physique growth
摄入不足insufficiency of intake
胎粪排出excretion of meconiμm
水分丢失loss of moist
生长高峰summit of growth
站立位erect position
头顶vertex
耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis
耻骨联合上缘superior margin of pubic symphysis
足底sole
脐nave
头围Head Circμmference
胸围Chest Circμmference
颅骨Craniμm
颅缝cranial sutures
前囟anterior fontanel
后囟posterior
脊柱Rachis ——生理弯曲的形成
长骨Long Bone
干骺端Metaphysis
软骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification
骨膜下成骨Subperiosteμm ossification
乳牙deciduous teeth
恒牙permanent teeth
(乳牙)萌出eruption
神经系统nervous system
脊髓spinal cord
运动发育Motor development
发音器官organs of voicing
听觉sense of hearing
大脑语言中枢cerebral language center
语言交流communication
护理Nursing
计划免疫Planned Immunity
心理卫生Mental Health
生活习惯living habit
社会适应能力social adaptation
亲情 parent-child relationship
健康查体Physical Examination
随访follow-up
户外活动open field activity
身体抚触 stroking massage
窒息apnea
中毒intoxication
外伤traμma
预防接种Vaccination
主动免疫Active immunity
被动免疫passive immunity
预防接种vaccination
小儿传染病infectious disease
卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, BCG vaccine
脊髓灰质炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine
麻疹疫苗 Measles Vaccine
百白破三联疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine
乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine
初种primary vaccination
复种revaccination
不良反应reaction
热量的需要Caloric Requirement
基础代谢Basal Metabolism
排泄 Excretion
蛋白质Protein
碳水化合物Carbohydrate
脂肪Fat
维生素Vitamins
水溶性维生素Water-soluble Vitamin
脂溶性维生素Fat-soluble Vitamin
矿物质Mineral
膳食纤维Dietary Fiber
母乳喂养Breast Feeding
母乳的成分Component of Mother’s Milk
免疫物质immune material
免疫球蛋白Immune Gloulin
补体Complement
乳铁蛋白Lactoferrin
溶菌酶Lysozyme
双歧因子Bifidus Factor
细胞成分Components of Cells
慢性消耗性疾病Chronic consμmptions
精神障碍Mental disorders
急性传染病Acute infectious diseases
断奶Weaning
人工喂养Bottle-Feeding
稀释Dilution
加糖Add Sugar
煮沸Boiling
定时定量Time and rationed Feeding
个体差异Individual Difference
混合喂养Mixed Feeding
大小便Defecation
代授法Breast-bottle-feeding
补授法Supplemental Feeding
辅食添加The Introduction of solid food
营养不良Malnutrition
代谢异常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder
临床分型Clinical typing
消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition
浮肿型Edema Malnutrition
消瘦－浮肿型Marasmus—Edema Malnutrition
病因Etiological Factor
摄入不足Deficiency of Intake
辅食添加不及时Introduction of Solid Food
饮食结构不合理Incorrect Components of Diet
不良饮食习惯Bad Eating Habit
消化吸收障碍Disorder of Digestion and Absorption
消化道先天畸形Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract
先天性代谢障碍Congenital Dysbolism
消化功能紊乱Disorder of Digestive Function
需求增多Requirement Increases
生长发育迅速的时期The period when children grow rapidly
疾病恢复期Recovery Phase of diseases
双胎或多胎Twins or Multiplets
早产Premature
消耗性疾病Consμmptions
病理生理Pathophysiology
代谢异常Dysbolism
体温调节Thermoregulation
机体各系统功能低下Incapacity of Body Systems
消化系统Digestive System
循环系统Circulatory System
泌尿系统Urinary System
神经系统Nervous System
免疫系统Immune System
临床表现Clinical Situation
皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat
腹Abdomen
躯干Trunk
臀Breech
四肢Extremities
面颊Cheeks
皮肤Skin
干燥Dehydration
苍白Pale；
肌肉Muscles
松弛Laxity
萎缩Atrophy；
精神状态Mental Status
萎靡Dispirited
反应差Low Response；
全身症状General Symptoms
并发症Complication
营养性贫血Nutritional Anemia
各种维生素缺乏症Various Kinds of Avitaminosis
感染Infections
低血糖Hypoglycemia
诊断标准Standard of Dignosis
分型Types
分度Degrees
实验室检查Laboratory Examination
鉴别诊断Differential Diagnosis
治疗原则Therapeutic Principle
综合治疗Comprehensive Treatment
治疗方法Therapeutic Method
积极治疗原发病Cure the Primary Disease
饮食治疗Diet Therapy
药物治疗Drug Treatment
支持治疗Supporting Therapy
危重症处理Treatment in Crises
度营养不良伴腹泻时的治疗Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea
营养不良性水肿的治疗Nutritional Edema
蛋白质缺乏综合症（恶心营养不良综合症）Kwashiorkor
添加辅食Instruction of solid food
睡眠充足Sufficient Sleeping
防治先天性疾病和小儿急性传染病Prevention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and cute Infectious Diseases
孕期保健与产前诊断Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis
新生儿筛查Neonatal Screening
治疗先天性疾病Cure Congenital Diseases
时预防接种Vaccination on time
定期体格检查Regular Physical Examination
营养障碍性疾病Dystrophy
病因及病理生理Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology
单纯性肥胖Simple Obesity
摄入过多Excessive Intake
活动过少Lack of Movement
家族遗传Inheritance
神经、精神因素Nervous and Mental Factors
继发性肥胖Secondary Obesity
膝外翻Genu Valgμm
扁平足Fallen arch
性发育较早Early Sexual Development
实验室检查Laboratory Examinations
胆固醇Cholesterol
甘油三酯Triglyceride
β脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein
胰岛素Insulin
生长激素Growth Hormone
诊断标准Standard of Diagnosis
